Ziziphus jujuba - Indian Jujube

❏ Binomial Name : Ziziphus jujuba Mill

❏ Synonym : Ziziphus mauritiana,Ziziphus rotunda,Paliurus mairei

❏ Family : Rhamnaceae

❏ Common Name : Indian jujube

❏ Tamil Name : Elandhai

❏ Hindi Name : Ber

❏ IUCN status: Not Evaluated

Ziziphus mauritiana Botanical Description

Trees, to 10 m high; bark dark grey or nearly black, with deep vertical cracks, reddish and fibrous inside; branchlets, petiole and underside of leaves white buff, tomentose. Leaves simple, alternate, distichous; stipular spines solitary or in pairs, straight or one of them recurved; nodes slightly enlarged around the leaf scars; petiole 4-8 mm, stout; lamina 1.5-4 x 1.5-3 cm, ovate, elliptic-ovate, elliptic-orbicular or suborbicular, base oblique, subcordate or round, apex round and retuse, margin glandular-denticulate or serrate, glabrous above, coriaceous, strongly 3-ribbed from base, convergent; lateral nerves 2-3 pairs, pinnate, prominent, slender, intercostae obscure. Flowers bisexual, 5 mm across, greenish-yellow, in 15-20 flowered dense cymose axillary fascicles; peduncle much reduced; calyx tube 0.5 mm, woolly outside, glabrous within; lobes 5, triangular, prominently keeled on inner face; petals 5, cucullate, round at apex, deflexed with the stamens; disc 10-lobed, grooved; stamens 5, enclosed in the petals, not exserted beyond them; filaments slightly dilated at base; ovary embedded in disc, 2-celled; ovule 1, ascending; styles 2, connate to the middle; stigma 2-fid. Fruit a drupe 1 x 0.5 cm, oblong-globose, yellow or orange when ripe; 1-2-celled; seeds 1 or 2, compressed. Fl. &Fr.: March – December.

Ziziphus mauritiana Medicinal uses

❀ The Fruits are edible and Wood used in construction and making agricultural implements.

❀ The dried fruits contain saponins, triterpenoids and alkaloids

❀ The seed used to treat hypnotic, narcotic, sedative, stomachic and tonic, and is used internally in the treatment of palpitations, insomnia, nervous exhaustion, night sweats and excessive perspiration

❀ The root is used in the treatment of dyspepsia

❀ A decoction of the root has been used in the treatment of fevers

Ziziphus mauritiana Photos

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